Page:59- Meaning of Ar-Rab, Meaning of العالمين, Meaning of Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim and the different meanings of Ar-Rahmah (الرحمة)
Page-59
Meaning of Ar-Rab (الرب):
Ibn Jarir
At-Tabari described in his Tafsir about the meaning of Ar-Rab:
فإن الرب فى كلام العرب منصرف على معان
فالسيد المطاع فيهم يدعى ربا ومن ذالك قول لبيد بن ربيعة :
وأهلكن يوما رب كندة وإبنه ورب معد بين خبت وعرعر
يعنى برب كندة: سيد كندة
In conversation of the Arabs, the word Ar-Rab (الرب) has several meanings. 1.The master who is obeyed is called
Ar-Rab. As the saying of Labid bin Rabi’ah: And one day I destroyed the Rab of
Kindah and his son and Rab of Ma'add
between Khabt and A’ra’r.(Khabt and A’ra’r are the name of two places in Syria
and Najd)
Hera Rab of Kinda means: The master of Kindah. 2.
والرجل المصلح الشيء يدعى ربا The man who reforms something is called
Ar-Rab. (Ref.1)
Muhammad Al-Amin bin Muhammad Al-Mukhtar described in his Tafsir:
وقوله تعالى
"رب العلمين" لم يبين هنا ما العالمون وبين ذالك فى موضع
أخربقوله:" قال فرعون وما رب العلمين قال رب السموات والارض" وما بينهما
And the saying of Allah the high: "رب
العلمين" here Allah the almighty didn’t explain “What is العالمون?
He explained that in another place by His saying: “قال
فرعون وما رب العلمين قال رب السموات والارض وما بينهما"
“Pharaoh said: What is رب العلمين? Allah the almighty said: “Rab of the
skies and the earth, and what is between them. (Surah-23 &24
الشعراء -)(Ref.2)
Zujaj Abu
Ishaq Ibrahim Ibnus Sari described in his book:
-" العالمين" معناه كل ما خلق الله كما قال " وهو رب كل شئ"
"العالمين" means everything that Allah created,
as He says, "And He is the Rab of all things. (Ref.3)
Meaning of العالمين:
Jubran Masud described in
his dictionary:
كل
فئة من فئات الخلق - ألعالم- الخلق كله
Al-Alam (ألعالم) means-
all the creations, every category of creation. (Ref.4)
Abu Hafs Najmuddin Umar described in his Tafsir:
والعالم يتنوع
نوعين: عالم الفناء وعالم البقاء وقد
أشتمل قوله "رب العلمين" على النوعين
And عالم is classified into
two types: the world of destruction and the world of permanence. Allah’s saying "رب العلمين" includes both types. (Ref.5)
Meaning of Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim(الرحمن الرحيم):
Ibn Manzur
Al-Afriqi described in his book:
الرحمان
الرحيم: إسمان مشتقان من الرحمة- والرحمة فى بنى أدم عند العرب : رقة القلب وعطفه
ورحمة الله: عطفه وإحسانه والرحمة:ألمغفرة –وقوله تعالى فى وصف القرأن: هداى ورحمة
لقوم يؤمنون أى فصلناه هاديا وذا رحمة وقوله تعالى: ورحمة للذين أمنوا منكم أى هو
رحمة لأنه كان سبب إيمانهم والرحمة : ألنبوة –قوله تعالى: والله يختص برحمته من
يشاء –معناه يختص بنبوته من يشاء – والرحمة: ألرزق : قوله تعالى : ولئن أذقنا
ألإنسان منا رحمة ثم نزعناها منه إنه ليؤس كفورا: أى رزقا –ألرحمة : العطف- قوله
تعالى: وما أرسلناك إلا رحمة أى عطفا وصنعا -ألرحمة :ألحيواة –قوله تعالى: وإذا
أذقنا الناس رحمة من بعد الضراءأى حيا وخصبا بعد مجاعة وأراد بالناس الكافرين والله
الرحمن الرحيم: بنيت الصفة الأولى على فعلان لأن معناه الكثرة وذالك لأن رحمته
وسعت كل شيئ وهو أرحم الراحمين فأما الرحيم فإنما ذكربعد الرحمان لأن الرحمان
مقصور على الله عز وجل والرحيم قد يكون لغيره
فيقال رجل رحيم ولا يقال رحمن وكان ومسيلمة الكذاب يقال له رحمن اليمامة
كفرانا
Ar-Rahman,
Ar-Raheem: Two nouns, derived from Ar-Rahmah (الرحمة).
To the Arabs Ar-Rahmah (الرحمة) among human beings is
the tenderness and compassion of the heart. Allah’s Rahah means:
His kindness and benevolence.
Different meanings
of Ar-Rahmah: 1. Ar-Rahmah means forgiveness. The Almighty
said in describing the Qur’an: “The Quran is guidance and mercy for the
Mumins”, It means I explained it as a guide and a mercy for the Mumins
(Al-A’raf-52). The Almighty Allah’s saying: “And (Allah’s Rasul) is a mercy to
those who have Iman among you” (Tawbah-61), means he is a mercy because he was
the reason for their Iman.
2. Rahmah means –An-Nabuwah
(The prophethood): The Almighty’s saying: Allah selects for His Rahmah whom He
wishes (Al-Imran-74). It means He selects for Nabuwah (Prophecy) whom He
wishes.
3. Rahmah means
Ar Rizq (Sustenance): Allah the Almighty’s saying: And if I give
the human being a taste of Rahmah, then I take it away from him, surely he will
become hopeless and ungrateful. (Hud-9). Here Rahmah means sustenance.
4. Rahmah means: kindness. Allah the Almighty’s saying: It is only a Rahmah that I have sent
you to the whole world (Al-Anbiya -107), means Kindness and generosity.
5. Rahmah means
the life. Allah the Almighty’s saying: When I give people a taste of Rahmah after being afflicted with
hardship (Yunus-21). That is, alive and fertile after famine. Here the human being means
the kafirs. Allah is the Rahman and Raheem: The word Rahman is based on the
word fa’lan (فعلان), because it gives
the meaning of abundance that is because Allah’s mercy encompasses everything and He is the Most Merciful
of the merciful. Ar-Rahim is mentioned after Ar-Rahman, because Ar-Rahman is
fixed to Allah the glorified and honored, and Ar-Rahim is used for other than
Allah. So, it is said that a man is Rahim (Merciful), but it is not said, that
a man is Rahman (Most merciful). Mosaylamah, the Liar was called “Rahmanul
Yamamah” as Kufr or disbelief in Allah (Ref.6).
References :( المراجع)
1.
تفسير الطبرى جامع البيان عن تأويل أى القران, Author –Abu Ja’far Muhammad Ibn Jarir At-Tabari, Volume-1,
Page no-142
ألقول فى تأويل فاتحة الكتاب
2.ن أضواء
البيان فى إيضاح القرأن بالقرأ Volume-1, page no-33, author- Muhammad
Al-Amin bin Muhammad Al-Mukhtar Ibn Abdul Qadir Al-Jakni al-Shanqeeti
3. معانى القرأن وإعرابه
للزجاج أبى إسحق إبراهيم بن ألسرى Volume-1,
page 45-54
4. رائد الطلاب-Page: 621, author- Jubran Masud
5. ألتيسير فى التفسير, Volume-1, page-121, Author- Abu Hafs
Najmuddin Umar Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ahmad An-Nasafi Al-Hanafi
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